Engineering Physics (BAS101) builds the scientific backbone every engineering branch draws on: it moves from the breakdown of classical mechanics at high speed (special relativity) into the wave nature of light (interference, diffraction, polarization) and finishes with the physics that underpins modern photonics — lasers, holography, and fibre-optic communication. Numerical problem solving is emphasised throughout, since AKTU/university examinations weight conceptual questions and derivations equally with numericals.